1 Scope of the Report
1.1 Market Introduction
1.2 Years Considered
1.3 Research Objectives
1.4 Market Research Methodology
1.5 Research Process and Data Source
1.6 Economic Indicators
1.7 Currency Considered
2 Executive Summary
2.1 World Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Road Graders Consumption 2016-2026
2.1.2 Road Graders Consumption CAGR by Region
2.2 Road Graders Segment by Type
2.2.1 Rigid Frame Road Grader
2.2.2 Articulated Frame Road Grader
2.3 Road Graders Sales by Type
2.3.1 Global Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
2.3.2 Global Road Graders Revenue and Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
2.3.3 Global Road Graders Sale Price by Type (2016-2021)
2.4 Road Graders Segment by Application
2.4.1 Railways
2.4.2 Oil & Gas
2.4.3 Construction
2.4.4 Others
2.5 Road Graders Sales by Application
2.5.1 Global Road Graders Sale Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
2.5.2 Global Road Graders Revenue and Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
2.5.3 Global Road Graders Sale Price by Application (2016-2021)
3 Global Road Graders by Company
3.1 Global Road Graders Sales Market Share by Company
3.1.1 Global Road Graders Sales by Company (2019-2021)
3.1.2 Global Road Graders Sales Market Share by Company (2019-2021)
3.2 Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Company
3.2.1 Global Road Graders Revenue by Company (2019-2021)
3.2.2 Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Company (2019-2021)
3.3 Global Road Graders Sale Price by Company
3.4 Global Manufacturers Road Graders Producing Area Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type
3.4.1 Key Manufacturers Road Graders Product Location Distribution
3.4.2 Players Road Graders Products Offered
3.5 Market Concentration Rate Analysis
3.5.1 Competition Landscape Analysis
3.5.2 Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2019-2021)
3.6 New Products and Potential Entrants
3.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
4 Road Graders by Region
4.1 Global Road Graders by Region
4.1.1 Global Road Graders Sales by Region
4.1.2 Global Road Graders Revenue by Region
4.2 Americas Road Graders Sales Growth
4.3 APAC Road Graders Sales Growth
4.4 Europe Road Graders Sales Growth
4.5 Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales Growth
5 Americas
5.1 Americas Road Graders Sales by Country
5.1.1 Americas Road Graders Sales by Country (2016-2021)
5.1.2 Americas Road Graders Revenue by Country (2016-2021)
5.2 Americas Road Graders Sales by Type
5.3 Americas Road Graders Sales by Application
5.4 United States
5.5 Canada
5.6 Mexico
5.7 Brazil
6 APAC
6.1 APAC Road Graders Sales by Region
6.1.1 APAC Road Graders Sales by Region (2016-2021)
6.1.2 APAC Road Graders Revenue by Region (2016-2021)
6.2 APAC Road Graders Sales by Type
6.3 APAC Road Graders Sales by Application
6.4 China
6.5 Japan
6.6 Korea
6.7 Southeast Asia
6.8 India
6.9 Australia
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Road Graders by Country
7.1.1 Europe Road Graders Sales by Country (2016-2021)
7.1.2 Europe Road Graders Revenue by Country (2016-2021)
7.2 Europe Road Graders Sales by Type
7.3 Europe Road Graders Sales by Application
7.4 Germany
7.5 France
7.6 UK
7.7 Italy
7.8 Russia
8 Middle East & Africa
8.1 Middle East & Africa Road Graders by Country
8.1.1 Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales by Country (2016-2021)
8.1.2 Middle East & Africa Road Graders Revenue by Country (2016-2021)
8.2 Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales by Type
8.3 Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales by Application
8.4 Egypt
8.5 South Africa
8.6 Israel
8.7 Turkey
8.8 GCC Country
9 Market Drivers, Challenges and Trends
9.1 Market Drivers and Impact
9.1.1 Growing Demand from Key Regions
9.1.2 Growing Demand from Key Applications and Potential Industries
9.2 Market Challenges and Impact
9.3 Market Trends
10 Marketing, Distributors and Customer
10.1 Sales Channel
10.1.1 Direct Channels
10.1.2 Indirect Channels
10.2 Road Graders Distributors
10.3 Road Graders Customer
11 Global Road Graders Market Forecast
11.1 Global Road Graders Forecast by Region
11.1.1 Global Road Graders Forecast by Regions (2021-2026)
11.2.2 Global Road Graders Revenue Forecast by Regions (2021-2026)
11.2 Americas Forecast by Countries
11.3 APAC Forecast by Region
11.4 Europe Forecast by Countries
11.5 Middle East & Africa Forecast by Countries
11.6 Global Road Graders Forecast by Type
11.7 Global Road Graders Forecast by Application
12 Key Players Analysis
12.1 VOLVO
12.1.1 VOLVO VOLVO Company Information
12.1.2 VOLVO Road Graders Product Offered
12.1.3 VOLVO Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.1.4 VOLVO Main Business Overview
12.1.5 VOLVO Latest Developments
12.2 Komatsu
12.2.1 Komatsu Company Information
12.2.2 Komatsu Road Graders Product Offered
12.2.3 Komatsu Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.2.4 Komatsu Main Business Overview
12.2.5 Komatsu Latest Developments
12.3 Liebherr
12.3.1 Liebherr Company Information
12.3.2 Liebherr Road Graders Product Offered
12.3.3 Liebherr Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.3.4 Liebherr Main Business Overview
12.3.5 Liebherr Latest Developments
12.4 Hitachi
12.4.1 Hitachi Company Information
12.4.2 Hitachi Road Graders Product Offered
12.4.3 Hitachi Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.4.4 Hitachi Main Business Overview
12.4.5 Hitachi Latest Developments
12.5 Doosan
12.5.1 Doosan Company Information
12.5.2 Doosan Road Graders Product Offered
12.5.3 Doosan Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.5.4 Doosan Main Business Overview
12.5.5 Doosan Latest Developments
12.6 John Deere
12.6.1 John Deere Company Information
12.6.2 John Deere Road Graders Product Offered
12.6.3 John Deere Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.6.4 John Deere Main Business Overview
12.6.5 John Deere Latest Developments
12.7 Bharat Earth Movers
12.7.1 Bharat Earth Movers Company Information
12.7.2 Bharat Earth Movers Road Graders Product Offered
12.7.3 Bharat Earth Movers Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.7.4 Bharat Earth Movers Main Business Overview
12.7.5 Bharat Earth Movers Latest Developments
12.8 Guangxi LiuGong Machinery
12.8.1 Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Company Information
12.8.2 Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Road Graders Product Offered
12.8.3 Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.8.4 Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Main Business Overview
12.8.5 Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Latest Developments
12.9 JCB
12.9.1 JCB Company Information
12.9.2 JCB Road Graders Product Offered
12.9.3 JCB Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.9.4 JCB Main Business Overview
12.9.5 JCB Latest Developments
12.10 Sany Group
12.10.1 Sany Group Company Information
12.10.2 Sany Group Road Graders Product Offered
12.10.3 Sany Group Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.10.4 Sany Group Main Business Overview
12.10.5 Sany Group Latest Developments
12.11 XCMG
12.11.1 XCMG Company Information
12.11.2 XCMG Road Graders Product Offered
12.11.3 XCMG Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.11.4 XCMG Main Business Overview
12.11.5 XCMG Latest Developments
12.12 Caterpillar
12.12.1 Caterpillar Company Information
12.12.2 Caterpillar Road Graders Product Offered
12.12.3 Caterpillar Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.12.4 Caterpillar Main Business Overview
12.12.5 Caterpillar Latest Developments
12.13 Yutong
12.13.1 Yutong Company Information
12.13.2 Yutong Road Graders Product Offered
12.13.3 Yutong Road Graders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.13.4 Yutong Main Business Overview
12.13.5 Yutong Latest Developments
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
List of TablesTable 1. Road Graders Consumption CAGR by Region (2020-2026) & ($ Millions)
Table 2. Major Players of Rigid Frame Road Grader
Table 3. Major Players of Articulated Frame Road Grader
Table 4. Global Road Graders Sales by Type (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 5. Global Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 6. Global Road Graders Revenue by Type (2016-2021) & ($ million)
Table 7. Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 8. Global Road Graders Sale Price by Type (2016-2021)
Table 9. Global Road Graders Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 10. Global Road Graders Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 11. Global Road Graders Value by Application (2016-2021)
Table 12. Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 13. Global Road Graders Sale Price by Application (2016-2021)
Table 14. Global Road Graders Sales by Company (2019-2021) & (K Units)
Table 15. Global Road Graders Sales Market Share by Company (2019-2021)
Table 16. Global Road Graders Revenue by Company (2019-2021) ($ Millions)
Table 17. Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Company (2019-2021)
Table 18. Global Road Graders Sale Price by Company (2019-2021)
Table 19. Key Manufacturers Road Graders Producing Area Distribution and Sales Area
Table 20. Players Road Graders Products Offered
Table 21. Road Graders Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2019-2021)
Table 22. New Products and Potential Entrants
Table 23. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
Table 24. Global Road Graders Sales by Region (2016-2021) (K Units)
Table 25. Global Road Graders Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 26. Global Road Graders Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & ($ Millions)
Table 27. Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 28. Americas Road Graders Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 29. Americas Road Graders Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 30. Americas Road Graders Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & ($ Millions)
Table 31. Americas Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 32. Americas Road Graders Sales by Type (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 33. Americas Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 34. Americas Road Graders Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 35. Americas Road Graders Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 36. APAC Road Graders Sales by Region (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 37. APAC Road Graders Sales Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 38. APAC Road Graders Revenue by Region (2016-2021) & ($ Millions)
Table 39. APAC Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Table 40. APAC Road Graders Sales by Type (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 41. APAC Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 42. APAC Road Graders Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 43. APAC Road Graders Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 44. Europe Road Graders Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 45. Europe Road Graders Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 46. Europe Road Graders Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & ($ Millions)
Table 47. Europe Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 48. Europe Road Graders Sales by Type (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 49. Europe Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 50. Europe Road Graders Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 51. Europe Road Graders Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 52. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales by Country (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 53. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 54. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Revenue by Country (2016-2021) & ($ Millions)
Table 55. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Country (2016-2021)
Table 56. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales by Type (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 57. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Table 58. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales by Application (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Table 59. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Table 60. Global Road Graders Sales Forecast by Type (2021-2026) & (K Units)
Table 61. Global Road Graders Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2021-2026)
Table 62. Global Road Graders Revenue Forecast by Type (2021-2026) & ($ Millions)
Table 63. Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2021-2026)
Table 64. Global Road Graders Sales Forecast by Application (2021-2026) & (K Units)
Table 65. Global Road Graders Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2021-2026)
Table 66. Global Road Graders Revenue Forecast by Application (2021-2026) & ($ Millions)
Table 67. Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2021-2026)
Table 68. VOLVO Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 69. VOLVO Road Graders Product Offered
Table 70. VOLVO Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 71. VOLVO Main Business
Table 72. VOLVO Latest Developments
Table 73. Komatsu Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 74. Komatsu Road Graders Product Offered
Table 75. Komatsu Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 76. Komatsu Main Business
Table 77. Komatsu Latest Developments
Table 78. Liebherr Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 79. Liebherr Road Graders Product Offered
Table 80. Liebherr Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 81. Liebherr Main Business
Table 82. Liebherr Latest Developments
Table 83. Hitachi Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 84. Hitachi Road Graders Product Offered
Table 85. Hitachi Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 86. Hitachi Main Business
Table 87. Hitachi Latest Developments
Table 88. Doosan Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 89. Doosan Road Graders Product Offered
Table 90. Doosan Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 91. Doosan Main Business
Table 92. Doosan Latest Developments
Table 93. John Deere Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 94. John Deere Road Graders Product Offered
Table 95. John Deere Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 96. John Deere Main Business
Table 97. John Deere Latest Developments
Table 98. Bharat Earth Movers Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 99. Bharat Earth Movers Road Graders Product Offered
Table 100. Bharat Earth Movers Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 101. Bharat Earth Movers Main Business
Table 102. Bharat Earth Movers Latest Developments
Table 103. Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 104. Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Road Graders Product Offered
Table 105. Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 106. Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Main Business
Table 107. Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Latest Developments
Table 108. JCB Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 109. JCB Road Graders Product Offered
Table 110. JCB Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 111. JCB Main Business
Table 112. JCB Latest Developments
Table 113. Sany Group Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 114. Sany Group Road Graders Product Offered
Table 115. Sany Group Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 116. Sany Group Main Business
Table 117. Sany Group Latest Developments
Table 118. XCMG Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 119. XCMG Road Graders Product Offered
Table 120. XCMG Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 121. XCMG Main Business
Table 122. XCMG Latest Developments
Table 123. Caterpillar Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 124. Caterpillar Road Graders Product Offered
Table 125. Caterpillar Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 126. Caterpillar Main Business
Table 127. Caterpillar Latest Developments
Table 128. Yutong Basic Information, Road Graders Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 129. Yutong Road Graders Product Offered
Table 130. Yutong Road Graders Sales (K Units), Revenue ($ Million), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2021E)
Table 131. Yutong Main Business
Table 132. Yutong Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Picture of Road Graders
Figure 2. Road Graders Report Years Considered
Figure 3. Research Objectives
Figure 4. Research Methodology
Figure 5. Research Process and Data Source
Figure 6. Global Road Graders Sales Growth Rate 2016-2026 (K Units)
Figure 7. Global Road Graders Revenue Growth Rate 2016-2026 ($ Millions)
Figure 8. Road Graders Sales by Region (2021 & 2026) & ($ millions)
Figure 9. Product Picture of Rigid Frame Road Grader
Figure 10. Product Picture of Articulated Frame Road Grader
Figure 11. Global Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type in 2020
Figure 12. Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Type (2016-2021)
Figure 13. Road Graders Consumed in Railways
Figure 14. Global Road Graders Market: Railways (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Figure 15. Road Graders Consumed in Oil & Gas
Figure 16. Global Road Graders Market: Oil & Gas (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Figure 17. Road Graders Consumed in Construction
Figure 18. Global Road Graders Market: Construction (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Figure 19. Road Graders Consumed in Others
Figure 20. Global Road Graders Market: Others (2016-2021) & (K Units)
Figure 21. Global Road Graders Sales Market Share by Application (2016-2021)
Figure 22. Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 23. Global Road Graders Revenue Market by Company in 2020 ($ Million)
Figure 24. Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Company in 2020
Figure 25. Global Road Graders Sales Market Share by Regions (2016-2021)
Figure 26. Global Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 27. Americas Road Graders Sales 2016-2021 (K Units)
Figure 28. Americas Road Graders Revenue 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 29. APAC Road Graders Sales 2016-2021 (K Units)
Figure 30. APAC Road Graders Revenue 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 31. Europe Road Graders Sales 2016-2021 (K Units)
Figure 32. Europe Road Graders Revenue 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 33. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales 2016-2021 (K Units)
Figure 34. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Revenue 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 35. Americas Road Graders Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 36. Americas Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 37. Americas Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type in 2020
Figure 38. Americas Road Graders Sales Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 39. United States Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 40. Canada Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 41. Mexico Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 42. Brazil Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 43. APAC Road Graders Sales Market Share by Region in 2020
Figure 44. APAC Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2020
Figure 45. APAC Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type in 2020
Figure 46. APAC Road Graders Sales Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 47. China Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 48. Japan Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 49. Korea Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 50. Southeast Asia Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 51. India Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 52. Australia Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 53. Europe Road Graders Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 54. Europe Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 55. Europe Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type in 2020
Figure 56. Europe Road Graders Sales Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 57. Germany Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 58. France Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 59. UK Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 60. Italy Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 61. Russia Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 62. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 63. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Revenue Market Share by Country in 2020
Figure 64. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales Market Share by Type in 2020
Figure 65. Middle East & Africa Road Graders Sales Market Share by Application in 2020
Figure 66. Egypt Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 67. South Africa Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 68. Israel Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 69. Turkey Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 70. GCC Country Road Graders Revenue Growth 2016-2021 ($ Millions)
Figure 71. Channels of Distribution
Figure 72. Distributors Profiles
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